Melinda Firds Program Management Unit Assistant
World Agroforestry (ICRAF)
Jl. CIFOR, Situ Gede, Sindang Barang,
Bogor Barat - Indonesia 16115
Tel: +62 2511 8625415
Fax: +62 2511 8625416
Email: icrafseapub@cgiar.org
Negotiation-support toolkit for learning landscapes
Editor
Meine van Noordwijk, Betha Lusiana, Beria Leimona, Sonya Dewi and Diah Wulandari
Year
2013
Publisher
World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) Southeast Asia Regional Program
City of Publication
Bogor, Indonesia
Number of Pages
285
Call Number
BK0170-13
ISBN
978-979-3198-74-3
Abstract:
The landscape scale is a meeting point for bottom–up local initiatives to secure and improvelivelihoods from agriculture, agroforestry and forest management, and top–down concerns andincentives related to planetary boundaries to human resource use. Sustainable development goals require a substantial change of direction from the past wheneconomic growth was usually accompanied by environmental degradation, with the increase ofatmospheric greenhouse gasses as a symptom, but also as an issue that needs to be managed assuch. In landscapes around the world, active learning takes place with experiments that involve changesin technology, farming systems, value chains, livelihoods’ strategies and institutions. An overarchinghypothesis that is being tested is: Investment in institutionalising rewards for the environmental services that are provided bymultifunctional landscapes with trees is a cost-effective and fair way to reduce vulnerabilityof rural livelihoods to climate change and to avoid larger costs of specific ‘adaptation’ whileenhancing carbon stocks in the landscape. Such changes can’t come overnight. A complex process of negotiations among stakeholders isusually needed. The divergence of knowledge and claims to knowledge is a major hurdle in thenegotiation process. The collection of tools—methods, approaches and computer models—presented here was shapedby over a decade of involvement in supporting such negotiations in landscapes where a lot is atstake. The tools are meant to support further learning and effectively sharing experience towardssmarter landscape management.
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